Syllabus
Syllabuses are curricular plans that are created for each subject individually. It contains structured and short information about the knowledge that should be assimilated by an average student during a school year period. Along with state educational institutions there are private institutions too. For all state authorized institutions there is created a general syllabus.
Syllabus weighs as a state document and has an obligatory character and features following elements:
- necessary subjects for each grade;
- number of academic hours included in a year, for each subject individually;
- academic year structure: time interval dedicated to lectures; vacations; exams;
Having a unitary character syllabus offers the possibility of uniform knowledge achievement in all institutions and for all students.
Syllabus presents a gradation of subjects emphasizing importance of each of them. It also determines the complexity of each subject for each grade; minimum and maximum possible evaluation; etc.
There are different methods through which syllabuses are created:
1. Frame syllabus: determines a unique way of syllabus control. It is considered to be a product dominated by authoritative and free choice attitude.
2. Frame syllabus for obligatory education: solves the problem of time distribution in educational process; here are indicated activities for all students and for classes individually.
3. Frame syllabus for high schools: contains a division of specialization of classes or even entire schools;
There are a series of principals that help in creation of such an important document like syllabus:
- principle of selection and cultural structures: this principle is active in institutions of higher education and lack in the school curriculum. As the result of this principle subjects have been grouped, completed and corrected.
- principle of functionality: allows combination of different subjects and curricular domains in dependence on psychology and age;
- principle of coherence: determine the homogeny character of academic year. This principle determines how deep curricular domains have infiltrated in educational process;
- principle of possibilities and chances equality: this principle assures equal rights to all students who participate in educational process. This principal determines the obligatory character of the general education;
- principle of flexibility: allows passage from obligatory education to other kinds of educations. This can happen in case of curricular decentralization;
- principle of connection to social area: it helps to plan educational process in a way that will result in needed knowledge accumulation. In this sense there were created following types of schools:
1. theoretical high schools;
2. technological high schools;
3. vocational high schools;
4. professional school.
High school represents an educational institution which has the following objectives:
- preparing for university studing;
- preparing for post high school education;
- fulfillment of labor market
High schools are institutions that provide high quality knowledge that allow continuing education in any kind of institutions of higher education. All achievements of a student are recorded in an official document called bachelor that is a clear evidence of the student's successes.
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